Common Template Engine

1. Syntax:
Only syntax rule:
$directiveName{expression}

2. Escape:
(1) \$ escape directive leader character
eg: \${name} output: ${name}
(2) \\ cancel the escape character
eg: \\${name} output: \value

3. Special Directives:
(1) Line Comment Directive:
$# comment text ...

(2) Block Comment Directive:
$*
    comment text ...
*$

(3) No Parse Block Directive:
$!
    no parse, eg: $if ...
!$

(4) General End Block Directive:
$end

4. Standard Directives:
(1) Output Directives:
${user.name}
$msg{"home.title"}
$msg{"home.title", arg0, arg1}
(2) Condition Directives:
$if{user.name == "james"}
    ...
$elseif{ user.name == "kent"}
    ...
$else
    ...
$end
(3) Iteration Directives:
$cycle{color: "red", "blue", "green"}
$for{users, "user", "status"}
    ${color.next}
    $beak{for.count > 5}
    $continue{user.name == null}
    ${for.index} ${for.index} ${for.count} ${for.size} ${for.first} ${for.last} ${for.middle} ${for.even} ${for.odd}
    ${user.name}
$forelse
    have no users...
$end
(4) Variable Directives:
$var{name = "james"}
$set{name = "james"}
$init{name = "guest"}
(5) Include Directives:
$include{"common.mtl", (param1: value1, param2: value2)}
$inline{"common.mtl"}
$display{"article.txt"}
(6) Macro Directives:
$macro{"mymacro"}
    ...
$end
$import{mymacro : "mymacro.ctm"}
$-mymacro{param1: "value1", param2: "value2"}
$+mymacro{param1: "value1", param2: "value2"}
    ...
$end
(7) Extend Directives: Demo>>
$zone{"myzone"}
    ...
$end
$extend{"super.ctl"}
    $overzone{"myzone"}
        $superzone
        ...
    $end
$end
(8) Block Directives:
$block{"myblock"}
    ...
$end
$show{"myblock"}
$using{mymacro : "myblock"}
(9) Dynamic Directives:
$exec{templateString}
$eval{expressionString}
(10) Debug Directives:
$stop
$time{"xxx_time"}
    ...
$end
$log{"debug messages..."}
$log{debug: "debug messages..."}
$log{info: "info messages..."}
$log{warn: "warn messages..."}
$log{error: "error messages..."}
(11) Filter Directives:
$compress
    ...
$end
$escape{"html", "js", "url", "base64"}
    ...
$end
$code{"java"}
    ...
$end
$keyword{"word1", "word2"}
    ...
$end

3. Html Syntax Cost:
(1)  Comment Directive
(2) <table m:if="users != null && users.size > 0">...<table> Attribute Directive (if, for, out)

4. Servlet Root Model:
Servlet Scope: param, header, request, session, cookie, application

5. For Example:
(1) Standard Syntax:
<html>
    <body>
        $if{users != null && users.size > 0}
        <table border="1">
            $for{user : users}
            <tr>
                <td>${for.index + 1}</td>
                <td>${user.name}</td>
                <td>${user.coins}</td>
            </tr>
            $end
        </table>
        $end
    </body>
</html>

(2) Comment Syntax Cost:
<html>
    <body>
        
        <table border="1">
            
            <tr>
                <td>1</td>
                <td>james</td>
                <td>2.00</td>
            </tr>
            
        </table>
        
    </body>
</html>

(3) Attribute Syntax Cost:
<html>
    <body>
        <table m:if="users != null && users.size > 0" border="1">
            <tr m:for="user : users">
                <td><span m:out="for.index + 1">james</span></td>
                <td><span m:out="user.name">james</span></td>
                <td><span m:out="user.coins">2.00</span></td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </body>
</html>